Obesity can be described as a chronic health problem resulting from excess fats that exceed the physical needs of the body. Weight reduction surgery, which is also referred to as bariatric surgery, can help obese patients achieve long-term fat reduction goals and general well-being. However, making a decision to undergo the procedure can be difficult considering the permanent lifestyle changes after the operation.

A bariatric operation is recommended only for patients whose BMI is above 40 and have not responded positively to exercise, diet, and weight reduction medicines. Those seeking to undergo the procedure should always be willing to work closely with health experts, counselors, nutritionists, and even support groups and family members. They should also be ready to commit themselves to permanent lifestyle change after the operation.

The main benefit of bariatric operation is simple to understand, weight reduction. Surgery on gastric bypass causes about 50% to 61% weight loss while gastric banding results into about 47% loss of excess weight. The removal of excessive fats is in itself a major breakthrough and the beginning to resolving a number obesity related health complications that normally accompany the condition.

After bariatric surgery, most patients, approximately 60%, are able to stop medication and as many as 80% report improvement in high blood pressure. Many patients also experience sudden ease in their diabetic control, especially those with Type 2 diabetes. In fact, 77% are able to stop their medications.

Most patients with excessive weight issues also suffer undiagnosed sleep apnea at the time of evaluation. However, 68% to 95% of such patients report resolution to their problem just after undergoing bariatric operation. Some other benefits of the procedure include overall improved in the quality of life and decrease in the long-term risk of death.

As mentioned before, there are also a number of risks associated with the operation that patients need to be aware of before committing themselves. Just like in any major abdominal operation, the operation carries the risks of bleeding, bowel blockage as a result of scar tissue and infection through incision. Others include the risks of hernia through incision and adverse reactions due to anesthesia.

There is also the risk of nutritional deficiencies due to the restrictive or malabsorptive nature of the bariatric procedures. This is caused by food bypassing the duodenum and jejunum, points where most iron and calcium are absorbed. Not enough vitamin B12 is also absorbed and that may cause anemia in menstruating women. Decreased iron absorption can also lead to osteoporosis. To prevent such deficiencies, it may be necessary to take supplements as directed by a doctor.

Dumping syndrome, which causes a number of health problems such as cramps, diarrhea, palpitations, sweating amongst others, is also another possible risk from a weight reduction surgery. These complications can always be addressed at approved weight loss centers with board-certified doctors. The facility should be adequately equipped with required instruments and enough support staff.