There has been no greater foe of healthy eating than High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), also known as corn sugar. Consumer and health advocacy groups have waged war against it. Research has uncovered some dubious links to a host of health issues. According to Princeton, America consumes 60 pounds of HFCS annually, per capita. These researchers believe the rise in U.S. obesity by over a third is directly tied to the increase in HFCS usage. We will go through the case against HFCS and determine whether or not it is any worse than sucrose, or common table sugar.

HFCS can be found in a wide range of foods and drinks, ranging from soft drinks to salad dressings and other sauces, as well as breads and cereals. It is commonly partnered with other unhealthy ingredients and chemicals, such as sodium and saturated fat. Despite significant research suggesting the unhealthiness of HFCS, the FDA allows its usage in almost anything.

Research has shown that high-fructose corn syrup is chemically close to table sugar. HFCS contains 55% fructose and 45% glucose, which makes it virtually as sweet as sucrose or natural honey. Table sugar is 50%/50%. The concentration of fructose found in high fructose corn syrup is not natural. It is highly processed. Corn syrup is a glucose-heavy syrup made from corn starch that has no natural fructose in it.

A study done a few years ago, attempted to determine the impact of HFCS relative to glucose. They gave participants 25% of their calories in liquid form: glucose, fructose, or High Fructose Corn Syrup. The results were notable. Those receiving fructose or HFCS were determined to be at greater risk of cardiovascular disease, due to an increase in bad cholesterol. The change was visible within just two weeks of the study.

Research indicates that both sucrose and HFCS are digested quickly, meaning a similar impact on blood sugar levels, despite moderate differences in GI. That being said, we digest these two ingredients in different manners. There is one less step needed to absorb HFCS because the fructose does not need to be separated from the glucose as is necessary with table sugar. This causes what is called lipogenesis, which can lead to diabetes. Research also indicates that HFCS is linked to overindulging because it does not trigger the production and release of insulin.

Overall, research seems to suggest that HFCS is worse than sugar by a sizable degree, but it is important to note that sugar is not a health food. While it is the lesser of two evils in this case, it still carries a host of risks if used in moderate to high levels. Both can be very damaging to our bodies, causing obesity, liver damage, and heart disease, among other dangerous health conditions.

It is important to note that some people try to avoid all sugar and limit fruit because the majority of the carbs in fruit are sugar, but there appears to be a distinct difference in how the body metabolizes the sugar in fruit versus added sugar in a processed food or drink, like coffee. The sugar that needs to be limited is added sugar through any type of natural or artificial sweetener, not those that are naturally occurring.